It had traditionally been a county devoted to cattle raising and sustenance farming. In the past, it had also made a living out of forestry and mining, as it was the case of the iron mines of La Vall Ferrera.
The els salins (salt works) de Gerri de la Sal also played another important part and, more recently, the implantation of hydro electrical industries. From a few years back to the present, the primary sector has become less and less important and the tertiary sector based on tourism has increased its development. The tourist attractions of the county are its historical patrimony, the grandeur of the landscapes and the outdoors sport offer (fishing, river sports, winter sports, hiking...).